Markdown for the Modern Researcher at ESIIL

Join us on a HackMD page to practice Markdown

Section 1: Mastering Markdown Syntax

1. Fundamentals of Text Formatting

• Headings: Use # for different levels of headings.

• Heading Level 1

• Heading Level 2

• Heading Level 3

• Lists: Bulleted lists use asterisks, numbers for ordered lists.

• Item 1
• Item 2
  • Subitem 2.1
  • Subitem 2.2
• 1. First item
• 1. Second item

• Bold and Italics: Use asterisks or underscores.

• Bold Text
• Italic Text

2. Advanced Structures

• Tables: Create tables using dashes and pipes.

• Header 1	Header 2	Header 3
  Row 1	Data	Data
  Row 2	Data	Data

• Add a ":"" to change text justification. Here the : is added on the left for left justification. | Header 1 | Header 2 | Header 3 | |---------:|--------- |----------| | Row 1 | Data | Data | | Row 2 | Data | Data |

• A	N	A	L	Y	T	I	C	S	E	N	R
  E	I	N	V	I	R	O	N	M	E	N	T
  V	E	L	O	P	M	O	C	O	M	U	N
  E	G	A	G	E	L	L	A	H	C	N	E
  R	A	T	A	D	E	V	E	L	O	P	W
  E	I	T	S	I	T	N	E	I	C	S	R
  S	O	I	G	O	L	O	I	B	H	T	L
  A	H	T	L	A	E	W	E	G	N	E	L
  T	I	T	S	I	T	N	E	I	C	S	N
  I	E	E	S	R	E	H	T	O	E	N	I
  C	S	L	L	A	H	C	E	G	L	A	N
  E	G	A	L	L	E	H	C	N	E	I	C

• If you hit the boundaries of Markdown's capabilities, you can start to add html directly. Remember, this entire exercisse is to translate to html.

Sudoku Puzzle Fill in the blank cells with numbers from 1 to 9, such that each row, column, and 3x3 subgrid contains all the numbers from 1 to 9 without repetition.

5	3			7
6			1	9	5
	9	8					6
8				6				3
4			8		3			1
7				2				6
	6					2	8
			4	1	9			5
				8			7	9

5	3	4	6	7	8	9	1	2
6	7	2	1	9	5	3	4	8
1	9	8	3	4	2	5	6	7
8	5	9	7	6	1	4	2	3
4	2	6	8	5	3	7	9	1
7	1	3	9	2	4	8	5	6
9	6	1	5	3	7	2	8	4
2	8	7	4	1	9	6	3	5
3	4	5	2	8	6	1	7	9

• Blockquotes: Use > for blockquotes.

• This is a blockquote.

• It can span multiple lines.

3. Integrating Multimedia

• Images: Add images using the format ![alt text](image_url).

• 

• Videos: Embed videos using HTML in Markdown.

• <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/dQw4w9WgXcQ" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

4. Diagrams with Mermaid

• Flowcharts:

• Mind Maps:

• Timelines:

5. Interactive Elements

• Hyperlinks: Use the format [link text](URL).
• Google

• Play Tetris

• Embedding Interactive Content: Use HTML tags or specific platform embed codes.

• <iframe src="https://example.com/interactive-content" width="600" height="400"></iframe>

6. Math Notation

Markdown can be combined with LaTeX for mathematical notation, useful in environmental data science for expressing statistical distributions, coordinate systems, and more. This requires a Markdown renderer with LaTeX support (like MathJax or KaTeX).

• Inline Math: Use single dollar signs for inline math expressions. Representing the normal distribution.

Example: The probability density function of the normal distribution is given by \(f(x|\mu,\sigma) = \frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}}e^{-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma}\right)^2}\).`

• Display Math: Use double dollar signs for standalone equations.

Example: $$ f(x|\mu,\sigma) = \frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}}e^{{-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma}\right)}2} $$

• Common LaTeX Elements for Environmental Data Science:
• Statistical Distributions:
  • Normal Distribution: \frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}}e^{-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma}\right)^2} for \(\frac{1}{\sigma\sqrt{2\pi}}e^{-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x-\mu}{\sigma}\right)^2}\)
  • Poisson Distribution: P(k; \lambda) = \frac{\lambda^k e^{-\lambda}}{k!} for \(P(k; \lambda) = \frac{\lambda^k e^{-\lambda}}{k!}\)
• Coordinate Systems:
  • Spherical Coordinates: (r, \theta, \phi) for \((r, \theta, \phi)\)
  • Cartesian Coordinates: (x, y, z) for \((x, y, z)\)
• Geospatial Equations:
  • Haversine Formula for Distance: a = \sin^2\left(\frac{\Delta\phi}{2}\right) + \cos(\phi_1)\cos(\phi_2)\sin^2\left(\frac{\Delta\lambda}{2}\right) for \(a = \sin^2\left(\frac{\Delta\phi}{2}\right) + \cos(\phi_1)\cos(\phi_2)\sin^2\left(\frac{\Delta\lambda}{2}\right)\)

Note: The rendering of these equations as formatted math will depend on your Markdown viewer's LaTeX capabilities.

7. Effective Citations in Markdown

Inline Citations

• Objective: Learn how to use inline citations in Markdown.
• Example Usage:
• Inline citation of a single work:
  • Some text with an inline citation. [@jones:envstudy:2020]
• Inline citation with specific page or section:
  • More text with a specific section cited. [See @jones:envstudy:2020, §4.2]
• Contrasting views:
  • Discussion of a topic with a contrasting view. [Contra @smith:climatechange:2019, p. 78]

Footnote Citations

• Objective: Understand how to use footnote citations in Markdown.
• Example Usage:
• Citing with a footnote:
  • Some statement in the text.¹
• Multiple references to the same footnote:
  • Another statement referring to the same source.¹
• A different citation:
  • Additional comment with a new citation.²

Creating Footnotes

• Example Syntax:

---

1. First reference details. Example: Emma Jones, "Environmental Study," Nature Journal, May 2020, https://nature-journal.com/envstudy2020. ↩↩

2. Second reference details. Example: David Smith, "Climate Change Controversies," Science Daily, August 2019, https://sciencedaily.com/climatechange2019. ↩

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Last update: 2024-05-16